Ibintu by'ingenzi
Hagati ya 2015 na 2050, umubare w'abatuye isi barengeje imyaka 60 uzikuba hafi kabiri uva kuri 12% ugere kuri 22%.
Mu mwaka wa 2020, umubare w'abantu bafite imyaka 60 no hejuru uzaba urenze uw'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 5.
Mu 2050, 80% by'abageze mu zabukuru bazaba batuye mu bihugu bifite amikoro make n'aciriritse.
Umuvuduko w'ubusaza bw'abaturage urihuta cyane kurusha uko byari bimeze mbere.
Ibihugu byose bihanganye n'ibibazo bikomeye kugira ngo birebe ko inzego zabyo z'ubuzima n'imibereho myiza ziteguye kubyaza umusaruro iyi mpinduka mu mibare y'abaturage.
Incamake
Abantu ku isi yose bararamba. Muri iki gihe abantu benshi bashobora kwitega kubaho kugeza ku myaka mirongo itandatu cyangwa irenga. Buri gihugu ku isi kirimo kwiyongera haba mu bunini ndetse no mu mubare w'abageze mu za bukuru mu baturage.
Mu 2030, umuntu 1 kuri 6 ku isi azaba afite imyaka 60 cyangwa irenga. Muri iki gihe, umubare w'abaturage bafite imyaka 60 no hejuru uziyongera ukava kuri miliyari 1 muri 2020 ukagera kuri miliyari 1.4. Mu 2050, umubare w'abaturage bafite imyaka 60 no hejuru uzikuba kabiri (miliyari 2.1). Biteganijwe ko umubare w'abantu bafite imyaka 80 cyangwa irenga uzikuba gatatu hagati ya 2020 na 2050 ukagera kuri miliyoni 426.
Nubwo iyi mpinduka mu ikwirakwizwa ry’abaturage b’igihugu mu myaka igera ku ya 20 - izwi nka population ageing - yatangiriye mu bihugu bifite amikoro menshi (urugero mu Buyapani 30% by’abaturage bamaze kurenga imyaka 60), ubu ni ibihugu bifite amikoro make n’aciriritse birimo guhura n’impinduka zikomeye. Mu 2050, bibiri bya gatatu by’abatuye isi barengeje imyaka 60 bazaba batuye mu bihugu bifite amikoro make n’aciriritse.
Gusobanura gusaza
Ku rwego rw'ibinyabuzima, gusaza bituruka ku ngaruka zo kwirundanya kw'ibintu bitandukanye byangiritse mu buryo bwa molekile n'uturemangingo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi bituma ubushobozi bw'umubiri n'ubwo mu mutwe bugabanuka buhoro buhoro, ibyago byo kurwara bigatera urupfu. Izi mpinduka ntiziba zishingiye ku murongo cyangwa ngo zigende rimwe, kandi zifitanye isano rito n'imyaka y'umuntu mu myaka. Ubudasa bugaragara mu myaka y'izabukuru si ikintu gitunguranye. Uretse impinduka mu binyabuzima, gusaza akenshi bifitanye isano n'izindi mpinduka mu buzima nko mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, kwimukira mu mazu akwiye ndetse n'urupfu rw'inshuti n'abafatanyabikorwa.
Indwara zisanzwe ziterwa no gusaza
Indwara zikunze kugaragara mu myaka y'izabukuru zirimo kubura amatwi, indwara ya kataract n'amakosa yo gusubira inyuma, ububabare bw'umugongo n'ijosi na osteoarthritis, indwara idakira y'ibihaha, diyabete, kwiheba no kwiheba. Uko abantu bakura, bakunze guhura n'indwara nyinshi icyarimwe.
Imyaka y'izabukuru irangwa no kugaragara kw'indwara nyinshi zikomeye zikunze kwitwa indwara z'abageze mu zabukuru. Akenshi ziba ingaruka z'ibintu byinshi birimo intege nke, kunanirwa kwifata mu nkari, kugwa, kurota no kugira ibisebe mu muvuduko w'amaraso.
Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku gusaza neza
Ubuzima burebure buzana amahirwe, atari ku bakuze n'imiryango yabo gusa, ahubwo no ku miryango muri rusange. Imyaka y'inyongera itanga amahirwe yo gukurikirana ibikorwa bishya nko gukomeza amashuri, umwuga mushya cyangwa ishyaka ryari rimaze igihe kinini ritaweho. Abantu bakuze banagira uruhare mu buryo bwinshi mu miryango yabo no mu miryango yabo. Nyamara ingano y'aya mahirwe n'imisanzu iterwa ahanini n'ikintu kimwe: ubuzima.
Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko igipimo cy'ubuzima mu buzima bwiza cyagumyeho, bivuze ko imyaka y'inyongera ari mu buzima bubi. Niba abantu bashobora kugira iyi myaka y'inyongera mu buzima bwabo bafite ubuzima bwiza kandi bakabaho mu buryo bubafasha, ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora ibintu baha agaciro buzatandukana cyane n'ubw'umuntu ukiri muto. Iyo iyi myaka yiyongereyeho iyobowe no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bw'umubiri n'ubwo mu mutwe, ingaruka ku bantu bakuze no kuri sosiyete ziba mbi cyane.
Nubwo zimwe mu mpinduka mu buzima bw'abantu bakuze zishingiye ku marangamutima, inyinshi ziterwa n'imiterere y'umubiri n'imibereho y'abantu - harimo ingo zabo, abaturanyi n'aho batuye, ndetse n'imiterere yabo bwite - nk'igitsina cyabo, ubwoko bwabo, cyangwa imiterere y'ubukungu. Imiterere abantu babamo bakiri abana - cyangwa ndetse no mu gihe bagikura - hamwe n'imiterere yabo bwite, bigira ingaruka z'igihe kirekire ku kuntu basaza.
Ibidukikije bifatika n'imibanire y'abantu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa binyuze mu mbogamizi cyangwa ibitera imbaraga bigira ingaruka ku mahirwe, ibyemezo n'imyitwarire y'ubuzima. Gukomeza imyitwarire myiza mu buzima bwose, cyane cyane kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho no kwirinda kunywa itabi, byose bigira uruhare mu kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara zitandura, kunoza ubushobozi bw'umubiri n'ubwonko no gutinda kwitabwaho.
Ahantu ho gukorera abantu mu buryo bw'umubiri no mu mibanire myiza na ho hatuma abantu bashobora gukora ibibafitiye akamaro nubwo hari igihombo mu bushobozi bwabo. Kuba hari inyubako rusange zizewe kandi zigenzurwa n'abantu benshi, hamwe n'ahantu horoshye gutembera, ni ingero z'ahantu ho gukorera abantu mu buryo bw'ingirakamaro. Mu guteza imbere uburyo bwo gufasha abantu mu gusaza, ni ngombwa kudatekereza gusa ku buryo bw'umuntu ku giti cye no ku bidukikije bworoshya igihombo giterwa no gusaza, ahubwo no ku buryo bushobora kongera imbaraga mu gukira, guhangana n'ibibazo no gukura mu mibanire y'abantu.
Imbogamizi mu guhangana n'ubusaza bw'abaturage
Nta muntu usanzwe ugeze mu za bukuru ubaho. Hari abantu bafite imyaka 80 bafite ubushobozi bw'umubiri n'ubwo mu mutwe nk'ubw'abantu benshi bafite imyaka 30. Abandi bantu bagira igabanuka rikomeye ry'ubushobozi bwabo bakiri bato. Gufasha mu by'ubuzima rusange bigomba gukemura ibibazo bitandukanye by'abantu bakuze n'ibyo bakeneye.
Ubudasa bugaragara mu myaka y'izabukuru si ikintu gitunguranye. Igice kinini gituruka ku miterere y'umubiri n'imibereho y'abantu ndetse n'ingaruka z'ibi bidukikije ku mahirwe yabo n'imyitwarire yabo mu buzima. Isano dufitanye n'ibidukikije byacu iterwa n'imiterere yacu bwite nk'umuryango twavukiyemo, igitsina cyacu n'ubwoko bwacu, bigatera ubusumbane mu buzima.
Abantu bakuze bakunze gufatwa nk'abadafite imbaraga cyangwa abashingiye ku nshingano zabo, bakaba n'umutwaro kuri sosiyete. Abahanga mu by'ubuzima rusange, ndetse na sosiyete muri rusange, bagomba gukemura ibi n'ibindi bitekerezo by'abakuze, bishobora gutera ivangura, bigira ingaruka ku buryo politiki zishyirwaho ndetse n'amahirwe abantu bakuze bafite yo gusaza neza.
Iterambere ry’isi, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga (urugero, mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu n’itumanaho), iterambere ry’imijyi, ukwimuka no guhinduka kw’amahame ngengabuzima bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abageze mu za bukuru mu buryo butaziguye n’ubutaziguye. Ingamba z’ubuzima rusange zigomba gusuzuma ibi bihe biriho n’ibiteganyijwe kandi zigashyiraho politiki ijyanye nabyo.
Igisubizo cya OMS
Inteko Rusange y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye yatangaje ko umwaka wa 2021-2030 ari wo mwaka w'imyaka icumi y'ubusaza buzira umuze, inasaba OMS kuyobora ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'iyi gahunda. Uyu mwaka w'imyaka icumi y'ubusaza buzira umuze ni ubufatanye mpuzamahanga buhuza za guverinoma, sosiyete sivile, inzego mpuzamahanga, abanyamwuga, abahanga mu bya kaminuza, itangazamakuru n'abikorera ku giti cyabo mu gihe cy'imyaka 10 y'ibikorwa bihuriweho, bigamije guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza kandi burambye.
Iki cyiciro cy’imyaka icumi cyubatswe ku ngamba n’ingamba z’ibikorwa bya OMS ku isi yose hamwe n’ingamba mpuzamahanga z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye zo kurwanya gusaza muri Madrid kandi gishyigikira ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yo mu 2030 ku iterambere rirambye n’intego z’iterambere rirambye.
Imyaka icumi y’ubusaza buzira umuze (2021–2030) igamije kugabanya ubusumbane mu buzima no guteza imbere imibereho y’abageze mu zabukuru, imiryango yabo n’abaturage binyuze mu bikorwa rusange mu ngingo enye: guhindura uko dutekereza, twumva kandi dukora ku bijyanye n’imyaka n’imyaka; guteza imbere imiryango mu buryo buteza imbere ubushobozi bw’abageze mu zabukuru; gutanga ubuvuzi buhuriweho bushingiye ku muntu ku giti cye na serivisi z’ubuzima bw’ibanze zijyanye n’abageze mu zabukuru; no guha abageze mu zabukuru bakeneye ubuvuzi bwiza bw’igihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2021
